How To Use the Spanish Word No

A simple Spanish word like no can be deceptive. It looks and sounds like its English cognate, no, and has a similar meaning. There are some ways in which the Spanish no is used that will seem unfamiliar to English speakers. Here are some of the most common uses of no: No as a Simple Answer to a Question This usage is similar in both languages: — ¿Està ¡s feliz? —No. (Are you happy?  ¶ No.)— ¿Es estudiante de la sicologà ­a? —No, es estudiante del arte. (Is he a psychology student?  ¶ No, hes an art student.)— ¿Hay muchas personas en tu paà ­s que hablan inglà ©s? —No, pero hay muchas que hablan portuguà ©s. (Are there many people in your country who speak English?  ¶ No, but there are many who speak Portuguese.)— ¿Te gustarà ­a un cafà ©? —No, pero me gustarà ­a un tà ©. (Would you like a coffee?  ¶No, but I would like a tea.) Using No as a Question Tag No is very commonly attached to the end of a statement to turn it into a question, either rhetorically or seeking confirmation from the listener that the statement is true. It is usually the equivalent of isnt that so? or something similar. No in such situations is often called a question tag or tag question. Estudias mucho,  ¿no? (You study a lot, dont you?)Su esposa es inteligente,  ¿no? (His wife is intelligent, isnt she?)Voy contigo,  ¿no? (Im going with you, arent I?)El vuelo sale a los dos y media,  ¿no? (The flight leaves at 2:30, doesnt it?) Using No To Negate a Verb In English, this is usually done using a negative auxiliary verb such as dont, wont or didnt. Él no comprende el libro. (He doesnt understand the book.) ¿Por quà © no estudiabas? (Why didnt you study?)La presidente no es una mujer de grandes principios ni convicciones. (The president isnt a woman of great principles nor convictions.)No fuimos ayer a mi casa. (We didnt go to my house yesterday.) Using No as Part of a Double Negative As a general rule, if a Spanish verb is followed by a negative, it must also be preceded by no or another negative. When translated to English, such sentences use only one negative word. As shown in the second translations below, this may result in an indirect translation of no. No conoce a nadie. (He doesnt know anyone. He knows nobody.)No fui a ninguna parte. (I didnt go anywhere. I went nowhere.)Ahora mismo no estoy concentrado en escribir ningà ºn libro. (Right now Im not focused on writing any book. Right now Im focused not on writing any book.)No quiero que nunca me olvides. (I dont want you to ever forget me. I want you to never forget me.) Using No as the Equivalent of Non- Before Some Nouns and Adjectives Many words use prefixes as a way of making them into the opposite; for example, the opposite of prudente (careful) is imprudente (careless). But some words are preceded by no instead. Creo en la no violencia. (I believe in nonviolence.)Humo pasivo puede matar a los no fumadores. (Secondhand smoke can kill nonsmokers.)El pà ³lipo es no maligno. (The polyp is nonmalignant.)No existe la palabra para definir a la mujer que no es madre. Pero sà ­ que existen las no madres. (There isnt a word that defines the woman who isnt a mother. But indeed non-mothers exist.)Soy un no ciudadano. (I am a noncitizen.) Using No as the Equivalent of Not Typically, no when used the way English uses not immediately precedes the word or phrase it negates.  ¡No en nuestro nombre! (Not in our name!)El matrimonio con ella fue fugaz y no feliz. (His marriage with her was brief and not happy.)Pueden hacer el mismo, pero no rà ¡pidamente. (They can do the same thing, but not quickly.)Tiene la inteligencia de no pedir lo que no le van a dar. (She has the intelligence to not ask for what theyre not going to give her.) Using No as a Noun As can the English no, the Spanish no can be used as noun, although the Spanish word is a bit more flexibly used. El paà ­s ha dicho un no rotundo a la guerra. (The country has said a definite no to the war.)Hay una diferencia profunda entre el sà ­ y el no. (Theres a huge difference between yes and no.)Con este referà ©ndum le dieron un gran no al primer ministro. (With this referendum they gave a huge no to the prime minister.) ¿Aceptarà ­as un no dà ©bil? (Would you accept a tentative no?)

Essay on Gender Relationships in the Film Love Jones

Gender Relationships in the Film Love Jones Using the movie Love Jones I will talk about the characteristics of male/male and female/female relationship as they are portrayed in the film. Then I will talk about how different the female/male relationship is and focus primarily on their communication styles. There is some harsh vocabulary included in my essay but only in quotations that I have taken from the movie itself to communicate what was going on in the scenes I have chose to talk about. Female/female relationship Josie and Nina Nina is one of the main characters in this movie and Josie is her best friend. A scene where their friendship is characterized is one where Josie and Nina are riding in a cab. Josie gets upset†¦show more content†¦There was another theme of women?s friendships in this example that women serve a therapeutic function for each other. Josie apparently has had some bad relationships in her life so she seems to live through the experiences that Nina has. I?m not sure how healthy that is in real life, but it seems to be comforting to Josie in this movie. Even the closest women friends do not talk about everything. Nina has just gotten out of a long and unproductive relationship with another man and the thought of jumping right back into that is too much for her. So when she says that ?This is no love thang; me and Darius are just kickin it.? I think she means it. She does not want to contradict something she said earlier in the movie to Josie. She said she isn?t going to make the same mistake twice. And that mistake is falling in love because as Nina says, ?it is as played out as the A-track?. In another scene the two women are at the Sanctuary, which is the club where Nina met Darius. They come to the club straight from the train station because Nina wants to see if Darius is there. Darius and Nina have gone through a separation period so she is anxious to see him but doesn?t want to call him this soon so she just hopes to run into him. He isn?t there and Nina is really tired and wants to go home. She never comes out and says that is her motivation but her girl knows her and she knows her motivation. Josie just validates Nina wanting to leave by sayingShow MoreRelatedThe Representation Of Gender Within Film And Television Texts Essay1594 Words   |  7 PagesThe representation of gender within film and television texts is still that of out-dated stereotypes and rigid structures. Although many modern texts claim to be subverting these archetypal representations, they are still very prominent and do not seem to be leaving our screens anytime soon. In this essay I will di scuss how the concept of genre impacts upon the representation of gender, specifically female, in film and television texts. In particular, how traditional stereotypes are used to aid theRead MoreSociological Attitudes Toward Gender And Sexuality1394 Words   |  6 PagesWhen analysing the current state of sociological attitudes toward gender and sexuality, the overwhelming conclusion is that the hegemonic view in society assumes an inherent binary (Lorber via Steele, 2005, p.75). We categorize people into two groups: male or female; man or woman; masculine or feminine; gay or straight. However, throughout humanity’s development, variances to that model have emerged, either choosing to sit somewhere between the binary, or reject the model altogether. These variationsRead MoreThe Film Love Actually by Bridget Jones Essay1535 Words   |  7 PagesThe Film Love Actually by Bridget Jones Love Actually Essay The film trailers designed to promote the film Love Actually represent a particular view of modern love and relationships. Explore this idea within a media analysis framework. From the makers of Bridget Jones’s Diary and Notting Hill, the film Love Actually is a romantic comedy about igniting laughter, wrecking havoc, breaking hearts, daring commitment and forcing choices. The film is of a typicalRead More The Portrayal of Solo Female Travelers in Modern Media Essay2162 Words   |  9 Pagesromantic motives for traveling, while men do it for the sake of adventure. In many films ranging from classic action films with heroes such as Indiana Jones and James bond to recent biographical films like The Motorcycle Diaries, men are allowed to travel the continent with relatively little romantic attachments or safety risks that they are unable to overcome themselves. In a contemporary female counterpart, Eat, Pray, Love, the main character’s entire journey is concerned with romance and male presenceRead MoreGender In Romeo, Juliet And William Shakespeares Romeo And Juliet1500 Words   |  6 PagesCompare and contrast the presentation of gender in two films we have looked at on the course The concept of gender is evolutionary and difficult to define, though it can be argued that traditionally females have been predominantly defined by their desirability, and males by their masculinity. The way a director presents gender in film can either inspire social change and conversation, or alternatively it can further reproduce social norms. In the case of the film’s discussed in this essay, it isRead MoreForgetting The Females By Alison Bechdel2054 Words   |  9 Pages The test is as followed: two women, who are given names, must converse with each other about anything excluding a man. Surprisingly many movies throughout the history of film fail the Bechdel test. Currently in Hollywood the test highlights a problematic situation, the lack of equality regarding male and female roles in film and females constantly being portrayed as secondary characters. Many scholars have taken this into account, analyzing this issue and discussing potential reasoning for thisRead Mo reGender, Sexuality And Sexual Identity3292 Words   |  14 PagesRyan_Alicia_18789106_EDC111_Ass2 Are issues of diversity represented fairly, realistically and accurately or problematically in Australian schools in regards to issues of gender, sexuality and sexual identity. For students to thrive in their learning experience, schools need to provide a safe nurturing environment, free from harassment, aggression, violence and bullying. Homophobia and discrimination can have a significant negative impact on Lesbian, Gay, Bi-Sexual and Transgender (LGBT) studentsRead MoreThe Transition of the Housewife1371 Words   |  6 Pagesend of the 1950s. Women demanded the same treatment and abilities as men in the workplace and refused to accept the gender restrictions of society (Minard). The media was sometimes used to teach women â€Å"their place† in society, which was portrayed through television programs at this time (Babic). An example of this method used in a subtle comedic terms could be the hit TV show, I Love Lucy. The episode that best describes, â€Å"where a woman belongs† is number thirty-nine and is entitled, â€Å"Job SwitchingRead MoreThe Way, Meet Vera Stark Essay2499 Words   |  10 PagesThe Belle of New Orleans. She plays, Tilly, a slave girl to Gloria’s character, Marie. Like most slave roles during that era, Tilly has a loyal heart to her Madame. In a particular scene, she gives advice and consoles Marie: â€Å"Mis, dat man out dere loves ya. And if you send him away now it gonna real shame. You can’t keep hidin’ from de worl† (4). This scene epitomizes one of the roles black actresses had played, â€Å"nurturer to white womanhood, in order to gain a small access to Hollywood† (8). HattieRead Mo reEssay on Pride and Prejudice Adaptations in Modern Film2311 Words   |  10 PagesLove in Relationships vs. Love for Oneself   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In a day where loving yourself first is not only accepted but often expected, it is a stretch for the 20th (or 21st) century mind to see marriage as a necessity, as it was for Jane Austen and some of the greatest of her heroines. Marriage for money and convenience, as well as familial preservation, formally dominated matchmaking choices. Love and romance were but luxuries in the business-like fashion of marriage. Austen contested this reality and

King Lear Imagery Seminar Free Essays

Symbolism/Imagery/Allegory in King Lear * The Storm (Imagery)Pathetic Fallacy: By acting irresponsibility, Lear as a King and then as a father causes a universal upheaval in the order of the universe. This upheaval is reflected and reinforced by the use of imagery (Pathetic Fallacy). The storm is a part of the universal disorder and is presented in a very artistic manner. We will write a custom essay sample on King Lear Imagery Seminar or any similar topic only for you Order Now The storm is significant as it stands for external as well as internal human naturepresents the inner nature of human beings * In Act 3, Lear rushes from a fight with his daughters into a raging thunderstorm. The combination of thunder and lightning is pretty much what is going on inside Lear’s mind, from his fury at his daughters to his impending madness. At one point, Lear admits there’s a â€Å"tempest in [his] mind† that’s not unlike the storm that rages on the heath (3. 4. 4. ). In other words, the literal storm on the heath is a pretty accurate reflection of Lear’s psychological state. * One can argue that the storm parallels Britain’s fall into political chaos. Remember, Lear has divided his kingdom, civil war is  brewing, and the King (Lear) is being treated pretty shabbily by his daughters and some of his other subjects. Alternatively, the powerful storm in which Lear gets caught up is a dramatic demonstration of the fact that  all  humans, even kings, are completely vulnerable to overpowering forces like nature. * The beasts (Imagery): The bestial images and the images of darkness also convey the impression of disorder in the universe. The bestial/animal imagery is partly designed to show man’s place in the chain of being, and bring out the sub-human nature of evil character. It is also used to show man’s weakness compared with animals’ and partly to compare man’s life to the life of the jungle. Because of the bad behaviour of Goneril and Regan, Lear hates them and calls them worse than monsters â€Å"More hideous when thou show’st theeln a child than sea monster. † Then turning to Goneril, he calls her â€Å"gilded serpent† when he comes to know her reality. She is often called â€Å"tiger† and â€Å"sharp-toothed† (vulture), while Regan is called â€Å"most serpents like†. To reveal the evil nature of both sisters, bestial imagery is employed very often as they are called â€Å"adderas† by Edmund. * Moreover in King Lear, the animal imagery is organized around compatible or somewhat foolish i. . deer, cat, dog, rat, cow, serpent, geese, snakes, dragon, foxes, and sparrows. They help to draw the moral drift of the play. They are set up to reinforce or to oppose each other. * Images of darkness and disease: The images of darkness and diseases are used to show chaos and disturbance in nature. In the play, one is conscious all t hrough of the atmosphere of buffeting, strain, and strife, and, at moments, of bodily tension to the point of agony. So naturally does this flow from the circumstances of the drama and the mental suffering of Lear. This sensation is increased by the generally floating images. To show the human body in torture, the words like â€Å"tugged†, wrenched beaten†, â€Å"scalded†, â€Å"tortured† and â€Å"finally broken on the rake†, are used. Lear, in his agonized remorse, pictures himself as a man wrenched and tortured by an â€Å"engine†. He realizes his follies and he beats his head that lets his folly in. Goneril has the power to shake him with her tongue, the hot tears break from his heart. Lear cries that his heart â€Å"will break into a hundred thousand flaws†. Albany wonders how far Goneril’s eyes may pierce. Gloucester’s flawed heart is cracked, and finally it â€Å"burst smilingly. Kent longs to â€Å"tread† Oswald into mortar. Lear cried painfully â€Å"It is more than murder†. The Fool declares man torn into pieces by gods. Gloucester also cries, â€Å"As flies to wanton boys, are we to gods; they kill us for their sport†. The sense of bodily torture continues to the end. Lear tells Cordelia that he is bound â€Å"Upon a wheel of fire that my own tears do scald like molten lead†. The use of verbs and images of bodily torture are almost continuous and they are used to draw the direct picture as in the treatment of Gloucester; who is equally â€Å"blind† like Lear when it comes to telling the difference between his â€Å"good† son (Edgar) and his bad offspring (Edmund) – Gloucester can’t tell that Edmund has manipulated him into believing Edgar wants him dead. Later, Gloucester doesn’t even recognize his son Edgar, who has disguised himself as â€Å"Poor Tom† the beggar. Eventually, Gloucester’s eyeballs are plucked out, making his literal blindness symbolic of his inability to â€Å"see† the truth about his children. Finally, â€Å"he is bound to a chair, plucked by the beard, his hair is ravished from his chin, and with his eyes blinded and bleeding, he is thrust out of the gates to smell his way to Dover†. * In  King Lear, there’s a whole lot of talk about literal vision and metaphorical blindness, especially when it comes to fathers â€Å"seeing† their children for who they really are. When Lear mistakenly believes that Cordelia is disloyal and orders her â€Å"out of [his]  sight,† his pal, Kent, gives him the following advice: â€Å"See better, Lear† (1. 1. 14). In other words, Kent implies that Lear is â€Å"blind† to the fact Cordelia is the â€Å"good† daughter while Goneril and Regan are a couple of evil spawn. We can take this a step further by saying that the root of all L ear’s problems is his lack of good judgment – he foolishly divides his kingdom, stages a silly love test to determine which daughter cares for him the most, etc. After Lear is booted out by Regan in her palace, he exclaims: â€Å"We’ll no more meet, no more see one another: but yet thou art my flesh, my blood, my daughter; or rather a disease that’s in my flesh, which I must needs call mine: thou art a boil, a plague-sore, an embossed carbuncle, in my corrupted blood. (2. 4. 29). When Lear goes off on Goneril, he insists she’s more like a â€Å"disease that’s in [his] flesh† than a daughter (his â€Å"flesh and blood†). Goneril, he says, is â€Å"a boil, a plague-sore,† a nasty little â€Å"carbuncle† and so on. In other words, Goneril, is kind of like a venereal disease. ) Lear is really good at insults this is a pretty elaborate way for Lear to tell Goneril that she  makes him sick. On the one hand, this pass age is in keeping with just about everything else Lear says about women (especially Goneril and Regan) – Lear frequently associates women with sexual promiscuity and pretty much blames all the problems in the world on the ladies. * Something similar is at work in  King Lear. When Lear imagines that  his body  is diseased, we can’t help but notice that his  kingdom  is also not doing so well. After all, it’s just been hacked up into pieces by Lear and, with Goneril and Regan (and their spouses) now in charge, it’s quickly becoming a  corrupt  place. What’s more, civil war (not to mention a war with France) is on the horizon. In King Lear’s mind, the corruption of his kingdom is caused by Goneril and Regan so, it’s not so surprising that he refers to Goneril (in the passage above) as a â€Å"plague-sore. † * Nakedness vs. Clothing (Imagery): When Edgar disguises himself as â€Å"Poor Tom†, he chooses to disguise himself as a naked beggar. Then, in the big storm scene, Lear strips off his kingly robes. Lear has seen Poor Tom (naked) and asks, â€Å"Is this man no more than this? † Then, presumably to find out if man is indeed â€Å"no more than this†, he strips down to his birthday suit. Shakespeare seems to be implying that all men are vulnerable. In fact, man is nothing more than â€Å"a poor bare, forked animal† (3. 4. 10). Donning rich and opulent clothing (like Goneril and Regan do), then, is merely a futile attempt to disguise man’s true, defenceless nature. Nothingness (Symbol): Shakespeare plays on the word â€Å"nothing† and the idea of nothingness or emptiness throughout  King Lear. Here are a few significant moments from the play: In Act 1, when Lear stages his love test and asks Cordelia â€Å"What can you say to draw a third [of the kingdom] more opulent than your sisters? â€Å", Cordelia replies, â€Å"Nothing. † Lear can’t believe what he’s hea ring. â€Å"Nothing will come of nothing,† he tells her. â€Å"Speak again. † (In other words, you’ll get absolutely  nothing  from me unless you speak up about how much you love me. By the way, the phrase â€Å"Nothing can come of nothing† is a variation on the famous phrase â€Å"ex nihilo nihil fit† – that’s Latin for â€Å"from nothing, nothing comes,† which is an ancient Greek philosophical and scientific expression. The word â€Å"nothing† shows up again in the play when the Fool tells Lear he is nothing without his crown and power: â€Å"now thou art an O without a figure. I am better than thou art now; I’m a fool, thou art nothing† (1. 4. 17). According to the Fool, King Lear is a zero and is no better than a â€Å"shealed peascod† (an empty peapod). The Fool also calls the retired king â€Å"Lear’s shadow,† which suggests that Lear, without his crown, is merely a shadow of his former self. The idea is that Lear, (whose status has changed since retirement) is  nothing  without his former power and title. To sum up, imagery plays an important part in King Lear. The play is a complex work and makes use of imagery effectively to convey the themes, and to give poignancy to the action. The disruption caused by Lear’s initial inability and refusal to â€Å"see better† is reflected in the images of darkness, animalism, and disease. How to cite King Lear Imagery Seminar, Essay examples

Business Analysis Organizational Change and Management

Question: Discuss about the Business Analysis Organizational Change and Management. Answer: Introduction: This report is about the business analysis of Blackberry. In order to get the desired level of success in the business of the company, the company needs to analyze the efficiency of the business operations and key resources for satisfying their customers. In this context, the value proposition, customer relationship and key resources of the organization have been analyzed in this paper aligned with the business operations of the company. Value Proposition: The high level of security of the products of the products of the company is the most important value added o the business. The demands of the Blackberry device in the corporate sector are very high due to this factors. The Effective design and high security systems of the device is making it different from the other similar types of products. In this context, the military officers have the high demand of the products for the security purposes (Sambamurthy Zmud, 2012). The medium and large size of business organizations are also like the product as they need to send confidential messages or documents securely. The mobile phones allow the users to do all the activities like internet surfing, gaming, efficient messaging, emailing through a single device. This is also a mentionable value added to the area of the mobile phone use. Customer Segment: The company is conducting the business in both the B2B and B2C methods. Therefore, they have both the individual end users and the commercial organizations as their customers. In the section of the B2B business, the company has the corporate business organizations as their customers (Calantone, Vickery Drge, 2015). These are the potential customers, who make a huge amount of sale of the products. In this section, the middle and large firms are also a valuable customer segment (Tallon, Kraemer Gurbaxani, 2015). At the present situation, maximum end user customers prefer to buy the products from the retail shops rather than direct from the company, as the number of stores in local areas are limited. The particular product is very helpful for the military officers. Therefore, a huge portion of business is conducted with the military officers. Furthermore, the end user individual customers of the company are also a valuable customer segment of the company. Customer Relationship Maintenance: The company uses efficient advertising policies for developing a good relationship with the customers. They used to provide advertisements regarding the utilities of the products and services of the company in the internet and telecommunication retailers. The internet advertisements allows the company to understand the customers needs and perception regarding the products and services of the company (Middleton, 2012). The company also provide effective mobile plans through the collaboration with the telecommunication retailers. The most effective strategy used for the customer relationship management is the warranty policy of the company. they used to provide efficient level of support to the customer in case of any faulty in the products of the company. Key Resources: The key resources are the building blocks that can describe the most essential assets required for making a business model operable. Resources are the major elements with the help of which, companies generally develop their products. Therefore, in case of Blackberry smart-phones as well as services, there are few key as well as the most significant resource which are the building blocks for the development of the products or services of Blackberry Ltd (Lin Ye, 2012). One of the key resources of Blackberry, the Communication Service Providers such as Telstra, Vodafone and Optus can electronically transport information. On the other hand, Sim cards are the most important resources to make the blackberry smart-phones or services work. Apart from that, BBM coverage is also a very important as well as significant resource for the Blackberry smart-phones and services. Key Activities: Every product must have few key activities. In case of the Blackberry smart-phones, these phones have few key features or key activities which can be the unique selling point for the products or services of this organization (Tuten Urban, 2014). These are as follows: The most common and the most important activity of the mobile phones of Blackberry is calling or receiving calls. On the other hand, another important activity of the Blackberry smart-phones or services is the receiving and sending emails and text messages. Apart from that, web browsing is another most desired activity among the customers of Blackberry mobiles the blackberry smart-phones can store audio recordings, photos as well as documents. Besides that, on the mobile phones of Blackberry, users can play games during free times. Key Partners: The key partnership of a particular business is the partnership which is made while two commercial entities from an alliance, which may either an exclusive contract that has a limit for the two companies to only that one relationship or be a really loose relationship where both entities retain their independence as well as at the liberty for generating more partnerships (Arthur, 2011). Hence, in case of Blackberry, the major key partners are as follows: Provider of Communication Service - Telstra, Vodafone, Optus are the major partners of Blackberry in the context of the communication service provider concern. Social Media Social Media has become the major partner of all kinds of businesses all over the world. Therefore, Twitter, Facebook are the major or key media partners of Blackberry (Financial Documents - United States, 2016). Game Creator these key partners of Blackberry provide the scopes to the consumers for playing as well as downloading on the phones. Samsung as a key partner of Blackberry, Samsung provides a scope for implementing the operating system of Samsung to the phone of Blackberry (Financial statements for BlackBerry Ltd Google Finance, 2016). Telecommunication Retailer This key partner of blackberry gives the opportunity for selling phones outright or selling it with the mobile plans. Distribution Channels: As the company have is conducting both the B2B and B2C business, they are using both the direct and indirect distribution channels for their business operations. In the area of the direct marketing the company is using their own stores to sell the products to the end users of the mobile devices. On the other hand, the company is using other retailer organizations as their business partners. The corporate telecommunication organizations are also using as the indirect distribution channel of the company (Kovach, 2015). The company is providing collaborative service with other telecommunication service providers such as Tesla, Optus and Vodafone. The stores of Samsung company is also an indirect distribution channel of the company as the company is using the operating system of Samsung in their phones and the products are available in the Samsung stores. Risk Management: The potential risk of the companys business is the operating system of the device. After introducing the Android OS in the market, the popularity of the other OSs dropped drastically. The existing OS of the Blackberry phones is Java based (Skipworth, 2010). This is not able to attract new customers towards it. In order to reduce the risk the company is working for introducing touch screen Android based mobile phones in the market. Another business risk of the companys business is the high cost of the mobile phones. The handsets of Blackberry company are very costly compared to the other mobile phones. However, the value propositions of the products are not so effective in the present market. Other competitors are providing advance services in less price (Vodafone, 2016). The company is trying to develop new models which can be provided with lot of advance facilities in reasonable price. Conclusion: The value proposition of the company is good enough with respect to the high end security of the messaging and document delivery services. The customer relationship management strategy of the company is also good for the business, but the company is facing problem with the old Java based Operating System. As the technology is being updated rapidly and many competitors of the company is present in the same market, the company need to update their technology and compete efficiently with the others for remaining in the market. B2B and B2C customer relationship management strategy is efficient but need to develop new strategies with respect to the new updates of the devices. Recommendation: BlackBerry Smart Phone need to expand their market area and expand the outsourcing for increasing the reliability of the operating system. The Java based OS is no longer able to has a high demand. Therefore, the company need to adopt the android based OS for conducting a well business in the smart phone market. They can also adopt the IOS from Apple for making more reliable smart phones and attracting new customer towards it. The touch screen technology and efficiency of the cameras of the device need to be updated for competing with the other companys smart phones. The number of applications supported by the Blackberry mobile phones is very less. In order to compete with the other mobile phone developers they should increase the range of supported applications. References: Arthur, C. (2011). BlackBerry service crash affects BBM messaging for millions. The Guardian. Retrieved 26 August 2016, from https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2011/oct/10/blackberry-outage-affects-bbm-services Calantone, R. J., Vickery, S. K., Drge, C. (2015). Business performance and strategic new product development activities: an empirical investigation.Journal of Product Innovation Management,12(3), 214-223. Financial Documents - United States. (2016). Us.blackberry.com. Retrieved 24 August 2016, from https://us.blackberry.com/company/investors/documents.html Financial statements for BlackBerry Ltd Google Finance. (2016). Google.ca. Retrieved 24 August 2016, from https://www.google.ca/finance?q=NASDAQ%3ABBRYfstype=iiei=jbEEVcmOHea1igLrrYHYDg Kovach, S. (2015). BlackBerry hasn't given up on smartphones yet. Businessinsider.com.au. Retrieved 24 August 2016, from https://www.businessinsider.com.au/blackberry-hasnt-given-up-on-smartphones-yet-2015-5?r=USIR=T Lin, F., Ye, W. (2012). Operating system battle in the ecosystem of smartphone industry. InInformation Engineering and Electronic Commerce, 2009. IEEC'09. International Symposium on(pp. 617-621). IEEE. Middleton, C. A. (2012). Illusions of balance and control in an always-on environment: A case study of BlackBerry users.Continuum: Journal of Media Cultural Studies,21(2), 165-178. Sambamurthy, V., Zmud, R. W. (2012).Managing IT for success: The empowering business partnership. Financial Executives Research Foundation. Skipworth, H. (2010). BlackBerry vs Apple: Which is better for business users?. Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 25 August 2016, from https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/mobile-phones/7750578/BlackBerry-vs-Apple-Which-is-better-for-business-users.html Tallon, P. P., Kraemer, K. L., Gurbaxani, V. (2015). Executives perceptions of the business value of information technology: a process-oriented approach.Journal of Management Information Systems,16(4), 145-173. Tuten, T. L., Urban, D. J. (2014). An expanded model of business-to-business partnership formation and success.Industrial marketing management,30(2), 149-164. Vodafone.co.uk.(2016). Retrieved 26 August 2016, from https://www.vodafone.co.uk/brands/blackberry/

Euthanasia means good death. Essay Example

Euthanasia means good death. Essay Euthanasia means good death. It is used in situations where death is deliberately chosen, and not when someone is killed by accident (for example, in a car accident or failed medical treatment). Someone will choose to kill themselves or someone close to them because they feel that death is the best option in the situation. This usually happens when someone is suffering from a terminal illness and wishes to die in less pain, and so therefore, wishes to die sooner. There are different types of circumstances when it comes to euthanasia, and there are two different ways of administering it; actively (deliberately enforcing death, for example, by a lethal injection) and passively (simply letting die, for example, by withholding life-prolonging treatment). Although there are moral issues with particular circumstances in which euthanasia is administered, (for example, suicide) the main form of euthanasia that I shall be commenting on is active euthanasia, voluntary and non-voluntary, because I believe it is a factor with more ethical consideration and I personally have strong views on the matter. The simple justifications of euthanasia are as follows; it humanely ends a patients suffering, it shortens the grief of loved ones, and many people argue that one should have a right to decide when they die. If the law were changed, doctors could carry out euthanasia legally. If one could die with dignity, then it could possibly help others face death. It would also help doctors if they knew of their patients intentions. The simple criticisms of euthanasia are as follows; some may argue that patients are incapable of making a rational decision, and may change their mind, but would be unable to tell the doctors this. People have also been known to recover after doctors have diagnosed them of having a terminal illness, and so euthanasia would be wasteful in this case. Some may believe that euthanasia devalues life, as it becomes disposable. It is argued that people would take life too lightly if euthanasia were legalised. We will write a custom essay sample on Euthanasia means good death. specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Euthanasia means good death. specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Euthanasia means good death. specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A lot of voluntary euthanasia cases tend to involve an elderly patient. There are complications in this situation, as old people may feel they are a nuisance to others, and may opt for euthanasia although their heart wants to continue living. This is a huge moral dilemma for friends and relatives, as they have to choose between their loved one suffering or being deprived of him or her. On the other end of the scale, elderly people who live on their own without any living friends or relatives may request to die through sheer loneliness. There could also be a lot of confusion from the patient involved. With the fast progress in medicine over the past century, there are now a lot more older people than there are younger ones. The elderly may, therefore, become confused and request euthanasia motivated from the fact that they miss their youth. A common question also raised in these cases, What is there to look forward to? The justification of the individual intending their own death is made on the grounds that life brings them no pleasure and death is preferable to the intolerable life that they would continue to live. Therefore, it is based on the expected results of the action. A lot of people would argue that choosing death is avoiding the natural course of ones life, however, this mainly applies to religious views and the idea that it goes against the will of God. Some people may say that the only circumstance where choosing death is in the least bit acceptable is when one chooses to keep his or her dignity, and is put to death because of that. It is the secondary result, but not the intended act of the individual. Pro-euthanasia associations form an argument for euthanasia by writing strict circumstances by which euthanasia should be carried out. This being that at least two doctors should diagnose the patient as having an incurable and terminal illness, and that the individual must give a written request for euthanasia at least thirty days beforehand. The Voluntary-euthanasia society (Exit) aims to bring about a change in law so that: An adult person suffering from a severe illness, for which no relief is known, should be entitled by law to the mercy of the painless death, if and only if, that is their expressed wish. Doctors should be allowed to help incurable patients to die peacefully at their own request. The patient must have signed, at least 30 days previously, a declaration making their request known. The issue of euthanasia creates an ethical division between two different types of moral argument, the natural law argument and the situation ethics argument. The Natural law argument against euthanasia is the idea that one is going against the natural cause of ones life. However, it could also be argued that because we naturally avoid death, do we naturally avoid pain as well? This conflicts with the situation ethics debate, which judges each situation on the unique circumstance. It argues the greatest amount of love for the greatest amount of people. A situationist would therefore carry through whatever love required in the situation; which may involve euthanasia, both voluntary and non-voluntary. It could be that love does not permit pain and suffering, but also that it is not loving to kill a person that family and friends will miss dearly. Friends and relatives may be going through anguish as the patient is dying, and may feel better knowing they had a quick and painless death. If euthanasia is the patients request, it may also be considered to be the greatest love that one could give them. On the other hand, friends and relatives may want the patient to live for as long as possible. They may also consider death to be a morally wrong action under any circumstances. Situation ethics therefore is well named, as the morally right action depends on the situation. The same applies to the principle of utilitarianism, of which situation ethics was adapted from. The principle of Utility states that the morally right action is the one that brings about the greatest amount of good for the greatest amount of people. In the case of euthanasia, the same debatable ways of seeing it as morally good or bad applies with utilitarianism as with situation ethics. However, utilitarianism is, in itself, divided between act utilitarians and rule utilitarians. Act utilitarians apply utilitarianism to everything, and so in this case the euthanasia debate would agree with the princ iples of situation ethics. Rule utilitarians tend to judge along the same lines as act utilitarians, but they believe that traditional moral rules should always take priority in a situation. They therefore would probably argue that euthanasia is wrong in all situations, as a traditional moral rule is not to take the life of another. As for utilitarianism in general, calculating the pleasure and the pain of euthanasia can prove to be difficult. This is due to the fact that it is not death itself that matters to many people, just the pain along the way. This is the key motive used to request euthanasia. When using the hedonic calculus, are we measuring the patients pain, or the friends and relatives pain? Which one outweighs the other? Can the two types of pain really be compared? Another complication is one of the general criticisms of utilitarianism, and that is that utilitarians have to have an interpretation of what is good and what is bad, which some argue is made by the conscience. The conscience itself may actually cause long-term guilt for family and friends. This would most likely be motivated from the fact that they have taken a life. The conscience may not have spoken out originally if the friends and relatives were wrapped up in the pain and suffering of their dying loved one in the first place. This does, however, entirely depend on the principles that operate within the conscience. The main debate of euthanasia is the different ideas of the value of life. Is quality better than quantity? Does the individual contribute to society? The opinions of questions such as this may shape an individuals ethical view of euthanasia. A religious analysis of euthanasia in general would start with the idea that death plays a highly important part in religious ethics. All faiths assume the idea that the understanding of death is vital in finding meaning to human life. They all offer explanations for death, and have rituals and services surrounding an individual dying. It is not therefore surprising that they all have strong views on euthanasia. Most religions (and branches of religions) oppose euthanasia; the Roman Catholic Church, for example, is one of the most active organisations in opposing euthanasia. This is due to the fact that most faiths have strict commandments involving a rule in which one shouldnt kill. Whether or not circumstances in euthanasia can justify this rule depends on the religion itself, although its followers in most religions will usually condemn the act to be wrong. Western religions tend to believe in one God, and according to religious scriptures, God has commanded that innocent beings should never be killed. This fits in with the idea that most religions believe that human life is sacred, as it was created by God, and is a gift from God. This refers to the Sanctity of Life, which tends to mean something along the lines of, God gave us life and so only God can take it away. Religious followers would therefore hold the idea that life must always be protected and looked after. The sanctity of life could, of course, be interpreted that we should not interfere with the ending of anyones life. This would rule out life-support machines being used to keep a patient alive. Christianity is a perfect example of the idea that life is a gift from God. They uphold the idea that man is made in the form of God, God made man in his own image (Genesis 1: 27). This makes human life appear to be even more sacred as it implies that man has an importance close to the greatness of God. This does not mean that we look like God, but there is a related likeness beyond the form that we appear as. In the case of euthanasia, it means that human life should be valued, and that Christians should live a life of love, as they believe God does, Whoever sheds the blood of man by man shall his blood be shed; for in the image of God has God made man (Genesis 9: 6). Christians also believe that God gave dominion over every living thing (Genesis 1: 28) which implies that Gods gifts, such as life, should be cherished and lived to the full. It also means that Christians have a duty to look after one another until death. Christians believe that it is Gods duty only to take life away: death is a spiritual process and it should not be interfered with. Some may argue that death and suffering is present as a result of the fall of man, and traditional moral rules should still be accounted for even in unbearable pain. Then there are quotes spoken by Jesus, such as the famous love your neighbour as you love yourself. This can be interpreted in many ways under circumstances such as a request to die from a relative. Is the correct care for an individual the care that serves their request? Is it more caring to let the patient die painlessly, with dignity, or more caring to extend life as much as possible? In the case of Christianity, I believe duties towards one another conflict with duties towards God. This is because duties to one another require respect for every living thing. With respect, comes respect of one anothers decisions. Of course, to accept one anothers decisions, theyd have to respect anothers rational decision to have their treatment stopped, or even their request to be actively killed. As I mentioned in the ethical analysis, it is up to the individual Christian to decide which is more important quality or quantity. If Christians generally interpret the idea of quality in life and that one anothers decisions must be respected, then it can conflict with early teachings that life is a gift from God. It could be the other way round; Christians may prefer quantity to quality, and believe strongly that life is a gift from God. If a request for an early death from a relative came about, then Jesus preaching of love your neighbour would probably be neglected. Christians also believe that no one can judge the value of an individuals life: it lies within Gods understanding and it is not for us to decide. Humanists, on the other hand, believe that the value of life lies in oneself. Thus, Christian beliefs need a compromise when it comes to euthanasia. Christians have especially set up hospices for the terminally ill. These are aiming to care for the patients individually, and prepare them for death. This is because in the past, the dying were deprived of the truth, and brave faces were put on by friends and relatives, pretending that everything was all right. Hospices, on the other hand, help everyone in the situation face death and not fear it. Through this, Christian duties to God and one another can be resolved and prevented from conflicting. Roman Catholocism is a branch of Christianity that strictly forbids euthanasia, Euthanasia is a grave violation of the law of God, since it is the deliberate and morally unacceptable killing of a human person (Pope John Paul II: Evangelium Vitae, 1995). They believe that killing in any form is not permitted; and despite the idea that ending suffering could be considered to be a caring action, they believe that life in itself is valuable, even if there is immense pain and suffering. This means that death should be postponed until the last possible minute, and certainly not put to an end intentionally by any human being. Roman Catholics completely dismiss the idea of any person having a right to die. By supporting a right to freedom, they do not believe it goes to the extent of one being able to end their life or anyone elses. However, Roman Catholics do support the right to refuse aggressive medical treatment. This could be because they see passive euthanasia as an acceptance of death, as opposed to deliberately inducing death. As I mentioned earlier, death is considered to be a sacred occasion in all faiths, most of which believe that it is not the end of life. All Christians uphold this idea, including Catholics. Acceptance and awareness of death is therefore, of course, acceptable and even encouraged. True compassion leads to sharing anothers pain; it does not kill the person whose suffering we cannot bear (Pope John Paul II: Evangelium Vitae, 1995). Pope John Paul II states that sufferers should be cared for and we must face through it bravely, and share their pain. Muslims uphold the life is a gift from God argument. They believe that Allah has given us all the great gift of life, and that he only can choose how long each person will live, And no person can ever die except by Allahs leave and at an appointed term (Quran 3.145). They believe that no person has the right to interfere with the length of life, as it suggests that one knows better than Allah. Do not take life, which Allah made sacred, other than in the course of justice (Quran 17.33). The course of justice does not, Muslims argue, apply to euthanasia or suicide, Destroy not yourselves. Surely Allah is ever merciful to you (Quran 4.29). It applies to more complicated circumstances, for example, one person dying so that another can live (e.g. A mother is at risk from her pregnancy and so the foetus may be prematurely expelled). When their time comes they cannot delay it for a single hour nor can they bring it forward by a single hour (Quran 16.61). Quotes such as this complicate a Muslims view of euthanasia. Passive euthanasia, for example, may involve turning off a life-support machine that a friend or relative is attached to. Of course, this quote states that to delay the end of life is also morally wrong. This means that to keep the person alive on the life-support machine was wrong in the first place. This form of euthanasia may, therefore, be acceptable; that is if Muslims allowed their relative to be kept alive in the first place. However, it is argued that almost all of medical practice interferes with nature. (The Moral Maze, by David Cook). Jews have very similar beliefs to Muslims. This is because they believe that people should be grateful for the gift of life, and lives are not to be disposed of as we please. As with Christians, they believe that man is made in Gods image (as it is included in the Old Testament). They uphold the quantity over quality idea, suggesting that even a moment in life is equal in value to many years of human life, The value of human life is infinite and beyond measure, so that any part of life even if only an hour or a second is of precisely the same worth as seventy years of it, just as any fraction of infinity, being indivisible, remains infinite (Lord Jakobovits, former UK Chief Rabbi). They uphold this regardless of the pain and suffering a person might be going through, as they believe that this is not an excuse for killing them, The message of Judaism is that one must struggle until the last breath of life. Until the last moment, one has to live and rejoice and give thanks to the Creator (Dr. Rachamim Melamed-Cohen, Jewsweek, March, 2002). This is a very strict rule in Judaism, for example, if someone is a goses (someone who has started to die, and will d ie within seventy-two hours) it is wrong to do even the slightest thing that would make death come more quickly E.g. To open their eyes, or move a limb. Thus euthanasia is a huge moral violation according to Judaism. There is, however, a limit to the duty of keeping people alive. Jews believe that if someone is in incredible pain and terminally ill, then doctors shouldnt extend their life longer than necessary, Thou shalt not kill; but needst not strive officiously to keep alive, (Poet Arthur Hugh Clough). This is the natural idea. For example, if a life support machine is keeping someone alive it is morally acceptable to turn it off if it is likely that they will not pull through, and let death come naturally. It is also only merely pro-longing death, and not actually curing pain. This is as Muslims believe, but with more emphasis. Jews strictly forbid active euthanasia under any circumstances, even if the patient has requested it. A famous case of euthanasia in the Old Testament of the Bible is in 2 Samuel, when King Saul was seriously wounded after a battle. He ordered a young soldier to kill him, to save him being captured. The young solider did as he requested, and when King David heard of this, he had the man executed. The purpose of this was to show that euthanasia was simply a form of murder, and so the soldier paid the penalty for taking a life. This confirms that one of the Ten Commandments, Thou shalt not kill, rules out euthanasia, making it forbidden in Judaism. Alternatives that a patient could focus on if their request for euthanasia is refused include the hope that the medical cure for their illness is just around the corner. Although this hope is small, it is still hope, and could be enough to change his or her attitude. More care and affection towards patients could also hopefully reduce the amount of pleas for euthanasia. To conclude the religious view of euthanasia in the western faiths, they all value the sanctity of life, and although they feel that quality of life is important, quantity is just as valuable as life itself no matter how unbearable. It is also believed that only God has the power to take the life that he has given away, and that man has no business interfering with such matters. An exception could be seen in Christianity, as certain circumstances involving euthanasia can be seen as loving actions. I do not believe that myself or anyone else would state that euthanasia was morally right under all circumstances. I personally refuse to completely condemn euthanasia as a right or wrong action, and would treat any event in which a request for euthanasia is involved individually. Thus I will bring forth two moral ways of approaching it, through situation ethics, and through my personal conscience. Utilitarianism is also, I feel, a logical moral theory, but I do not think we can judge it through any hedonic calculus because euthanasia is such a delicate issue, and we must account for certain degrees of loving emotion. Putting the fact that euthanasia is illegal aside, I feel that situation ethics and our individual consciences should combine to decide which is the morally right action in the case of a request for euthanasia. General criticisms of these sorts of circumstances could also be eliminated; for example, a rational decision should be ensured from both the patient and his or her friends and relatives. These criticisms aside, providing the action will generate a greater love, and our consciences are speaking out and claiming this action is right, then euthanasia should be carried out. I would now like to bring a political view into the picture. Naturally, the British system as it is will not allocate for factors such as love and other general emotions, this is merely how I would handle an individual situation and how I would advise others to handle it. If euthanasia were to be legalised, strict rules would have be applied to circumstances in which death is actively induced in order to put one out of his or her pain and suffering. For example, in Holland, (where euthanasia is legal) a decision for euthanasia will be responded to thirty days afterwards, when a doctor will induce it. I believe that this system works, and also believe that non-biased professionals should judge the situation and decide whether or not a request for euthanasia should be granted. It would, therefore, still be judged upon the situation. It would then be up to friends and relatives to decide if they feel that it is the best thing to do in the situation. A lot of people do, of course, have objections to the legalisation of euthanasia. Mainly, it is because it is against their personal morals, which includes conflict with their religion. There is obviously no way of compromising all of these principles, other than simply saying that there is of course no obligation for them to go through with euthanasia themselves. I do personally think that they should accept this, but no one can demand them to do so. We must also consider the effects of the legalisation of euthanasia besides others disapproval. Because no one is able to predict the future, we can only guess the consequences of any action. Many people argue that life would be taken too light-heartedly if euthanasia were legalised; I personally do not think that this will happen, providing that the rules for which euthanasia can be carried out are strict. If I may, finally, quote Joseph Fletcher, Christian action should be tailored to fit objective circumstances, the situation. This sums up my argument completely, except that it should apply to everyone, and not just Christians. If the morally right action were judged upon the situation, rather than merely condemning particular actions without any consideration of the individual circumstances of a situation, then perhaps religious and non-religious people, moral and not-so-moral people would agree that euthanasia, under some circumstances, is morally right. On the same scale, people could decide when euthanasia is morally wrong in some situations.

The Link between Fire Research and Process Safety An Evolution from Specific Needs to General Concern by Cadena Munoz

The Link between Fire Research and Process Safety An Evolution from Specific Needs to General Concern by Cadena Munoz Brief Introduction The article â€Å"The Link between Fire Research and Process Safety: An Evolution from Specific Needs to General Concern† identifies the gap between Fire Safety Engineering and Performance-based Risk Analysis (PRA). Risk Analysis is â€Å"a powerful field that makes it easier for engineers to improve their dynamic systems† (Cadena Munoz, 2013, p. 2).Advertising We will write a custom article sample on â€Å"The Link between Fire Research and Process Safety: An Evolution from Specific Needs to General Concern† by Cadena Munoz specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More That being the case, Fire Safety Engineering (FSE) should become a critical input in every Process Safety (PS). Although â€Å"a link exists between these engineering fields, the agreeable fact is that they require more applications in different structures† (Cadena Munoz, 2013, p. 3). According to the authors, such fields will impro ve different Fire Protection Systems (FPSs). The article examines the importance of Risk Analysis in complex buildings and industrial facilities. Engineers should use performance-based and prescriptive approaches in order to prevent industrial fires. Statement of the Research Problem The article analyzes the effectiveness of different engineering processes. A Process Safety (PS) framework â€Å"consists of technical structures, guidelines, and tools that can manage the risks encountered in different organizational operations† (Cadena Munoz, 2013, p. 3). The RA process makes it easier for engineers to understand the nature of different risks. According to Cadena and Munoz (2013, p. 3), â€Å"Fire Safety Engineering (FSE) offers advanced solutions that can deal with different Fire Safety Challenges (FSCs)†. The researchers therefore wanted to understand â€Å"how these functions can produce better Fire Protection Systems† (Cadena Munoz, 2013, p. 3). The authors wanted to â€Å"understand the connection between FSE and PS and their applications in different fire systems† (Cadena Munoz, 2013, p. 4). Description of the Research Procedures The researchers began their article by presenting the required literature review. This procedure identified â€Å"the major practices associated with fire protection in different industrial processes† (Oh, Jiang, Panganiban, 2013, p. 3). This knowledge made it easier for the scholars to identify the existing gap between PS and FSE. The scholars used a Correlation Approach (CA) for the study.Advertising Looking for article on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This approach made it easier for the researchers to understand the challenges affecting different Fire Protection Systems (FPSs). This knowledge encouraged the scholars to identify the existing gaps in different FPSs. The scholars â€Å"analyzed the imp ortance of Fire Safety Engineering and Process Safety† (Cadena Munoz, 2013, p. 4). The researchers applied these concepts in different fire scenarios. The approach made it possible for the scholars to get the best findings. According to the researchers, many industries were not embracing the use of PS and FSE. The CA made it easier for the researchers to achieve their potentials. They also identified the practices that can improve the level of fire prevention in different industrial processes. Flaws in the Procedural Design The above procedural design presented a number of flaws. To begin with, the research method did not present a clear hypothesis. This weakness made it impossible for the researchers to predict their results. The researchers were unable to gather the best evidences during the study. The authors failed to support their arguments using meaningful data and ideas (Oh et al., 2013). The authors did not collect the best data thus affecting the validity of their st udy. A proper research design could have produced better results. Analysis of the Targeted Data The literature review made it easier for the researchers to analyze the issues affecting different companies. According to the article, many engineers were not taking PS and FSE seriously. The agreeable fact is that such engineering fields were critical and applicable in different organizations. The researchers identified the importance of these two engineering practices. The â€Å"joint application of FSE and PS can make it easier for engineers to understand the safety challenges encountered in different facilities† (Gagnon, 2007, p. 85). This approach can make it easier for analysts to examine various fire behaviors and dynamics (Gagnon, 2007).Advertising We will write a custom article sample on â€Å"The Link between Fire Research and Process Safety: An Evolution from Specific Needs to General Concern† by Cadena Munoz specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/pa ge Learn More These two fields can therefore improve the practices undertaken by different industries. The gathered information encouraged the researchers to examine the effectiveness of these engineering fields. This knowledge addresses the problems affecting different organizations. Limited and Justifiable Conclusions The authors concluded their article by highlighting the significance of FSE and PS practices. Engineers â€Å"should use PS and FSE ideas in order to have a clear understanding of different fire safety problems† (Cadena Munoz, 2013, p. 4). This practice can also deal with high complexity problems such as industrial fires. This knowledge is admirable because â€Å"the link between PS and FSE is less common in different industries† (Cadena Munoz, 2013, p. 5). Engineers should strengthen this link in order to achieve the best goals. According to Gagnon (2007, p. 109), new studies â€Å"will ensure every engineer identifies better improve ment opportunities in the field of fire protection†. The article also explains how FSE inputs might offer appropriate solutions to different RA processes. The authors encourage different scholars to invent new FSE ideas and concepts (Gagnon, 2007). Engineers should apply such ideas in different PS problems. This practice will deal with the challenges affecting many industrial processes. More studies and research designs are required in this field. Such studies will present the best ideas and strategies in order to support different industrial processes. Reference List Cadena, J., Munoz, F. (2013). The Link Between Fire Research and Process Safety: An Evolution from Specific Needs to General Concern. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 31(1), 1-6. Gagnon, R. (2007). Design of Special Hazard and Fire Alarm System. Cengage, KY: Cengage Learning.Advertising Looking for article on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Oh, J., Jiang, Z., Panganiban, H. (2013). Development of a Smart Residential Fire Protection System. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 1(1), 1-6.

Cellular Reproduction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cellular Reproduction - Essay Example They divide constantly and with rapid pace without exhibiting any contact inhibition. As the data suggests, cancer cells outnumber normal cells at the later stages of cell division, indicating that cancer cells divide at the swift rate and complete their cell division faster than the normal cells. Normal cells follow the regulated time interval for cell division or reproduction with balanced signaling pathways while cancer cells do not reveal any kind of signal transduction. Moreover, cancer cells are capable of angiogenesis enabling capillary formation from a nearby blood vessel so as to feed the growing tumor cells. Normal cells cease their cell division after a certain time while the cancer cells proliferate in any order violating the rules of cell division. Although normal cells taken from different tissues as in the present case display different morphology but the cancer cells taken from different tissues do not flaunt their distinct tissue morphology as there is a loss of spec ialized function. The elevated rate of cellular division ceases them to execute their specialized function (Ginger) 2. Which type of cancer shows the most aggressive growth? Explain.

History of German Films and Cinema Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

History of German Films and Cinema - Essay Example Fassbinder's success in German theatre allowed him leverage when it came to ascending the rungs in mainstream cinema which he considered in greater esteem than theatre. But the German bourgeois always valued the older German theatre more highly than the younger cinema (Barnett p.137). He continued to make an impression in German theatre, and this improved his chances of being recognised and accepted in popular cinema which he did with films on a diverse range of prevalent issues. One such film that explored the issue of individuals resisting traditionalism was Ali: Fear Eats the Soul. A storm outside forces a middle-aged cleaning lady named Emmi into a local German bar. The place is filled with Arabic regulars who gaze at her entrance. This bar is one of the select few public spots where foreigners are openly received. It's owner fills the jukeboxes with Arabic music but when Emmi enters, she is no longer a welcome visitor but is looked on as a stranger. The owner prods a former lover, a Moroccan man named Ali, to engage Emmi in a dance. Soon after, they become close companions, sharing common internal conflicts and emotions, along with feelings of loneliness and isolation. As their union develops, they find that society turns harsher towards them more so now than when they were isolated individuals. Emmi's neighbours chitchat continuously about her companion who is living with her and this provokes the landlord to question their living arrangements. Ali fac es further embarrassment when a local grocer refuses to serve him until he improves his German. When Emmi meets her family and divulges her relationship with the Moroccan, she is met with cynicism and ridicule. The quarrel finally ends up with her TV set being destroyed. Later after Emmi's co-worker visits her at her apartment and finds Ali there, the following day she is spurned by her cleaning squad. She is then left to wallow in her predicament. In this film, Fassbinder explores the experiences of people who do not conform to society's norms. His cinematography uses space and framing of the nonconforming individual to mirror his or her isolation and seclusion from the rest of society. When Emmi and Ali dance on the floor, a long shot of them amplifies their isolation. The confined kitchen also highlights the suffocation she feels about her life. At a bistro, the vacant surrounding tables overstated by the staff's distance from the present visitors also reflects her isolation. Fassbinder, referring to use social commentary rather than melodrama, produces a narrative that reveals the depth of exclusion that the two protagonists are faced with. He shows that although they learn to deal with unwelcome pubic scrutiny, the pressures of society continually eats the soul of both Emmi and Ali. This fractures their delicate relationship and the question begs, will the two survive their union. There are no simple answers in the real w orld. In his 1979 film, The Marriage of Maria Braun, Fassbinder crafts a darkly comic and contemptuous portrayal of the revitalization program undertaken by Germany. The story is of Maria Braun whose wedding happened as a result of a swift two week courtship and a hastily conducted marriage ceremony during the last period of the second world war when

A Semiotic Comparison of Disneyland with Marriotts Great America Essay

A Semiotic Comparison of Disneyland with Marriotts Great America - Essay Example Various themes give rise to different effects on the individuals.   It is almost like that the premise takes control of how visitors should react to the circumstances: offering a variety of choices, hence, conferring a mixture of diverse emotions as well.   â€Å"Disneyland is commonly seen as the prototypical total fantasy park in America, or probably in the world†, (The Sale of Two Cities: A Semiotic Comparison of Disneyland with Marriott’s Great America, p.1).   It is unquestionably exemplary that people from different walks of life, visitors of different age group, find themselves enthralled and at times, powerlessly captivated. Incontestably, Disneyland has the ability to initiate a feeling of awe, generating such wonderful notion to its visitors.   The structure of the park, as well as its different auras, however, allow the people to become barely aware of the divergence and picture between the real world and the world of imagination. Rides represent out of the ordinary experiences, however, not all are just amusing, for some also intends to remind us of the important aspects of life such as greed, fear, and even death. Consequently, Marriott’s fashion is definitely atypical, in contrast to the prototypical picture of Disneyland.   It chose not to make an apparent distinction between the fantasy world and the real one. The journey from reality to fantasy is done subtly; allowing the visitors to experience the flight from the real world while they are still made aware of realism. The plodding switch from true existence to the wonderful world of imagination make Marriott’s an astonishing pursuit to the majority. Palpably, the two theme parks have several contrasting aspects.

Study of Humanitarian Aid Agencies Service Delivery

Study of Humanitarian Aid Agencies Service Delivery CHRISTINA KHOURY Stuck in no mans land:people of nowhere are people of now here A study of humanitarian aid agencies service delivery to residents in Kara Tepe refugee camp in Lesvos. DR Disaster Relief EASO European Asylum Support Office EU European Union FMO Forced Migration Online HA Humanitarian Assistance HSA Humanitarian Support Agency IDPs Internally displaced persons IOM International Organisation for Migration IOs International Organisations IRC International Rescue Committee MSF Mà ©decins Sans Frontiers NGOs Non-Governmental Organisations RCRC International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement ROs Regional Organisations UN United Nations UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees   Ã‚   Since the twentieth century, the migration of refugees has been a significant and constant feature of the world order. There has been several factors causing its occurrence, including international wars, civil wars, the rise of fascism, decolonization, national liberation struggles and the creation of nation states (Bloch, 2002, p.1). During 1914-1918 World War I, millions of people were left homeless, fleeing their homelands to seek refuge, and the international community and governments responded by providing travel documents to those people who were the first refugees of the twentieth century (1951 UN Convention). However the flow of refugees did not stop there, but the numbers drastically increased after World War II (1939-1945), when millions were forced to resettle, be displaced or were deported (Guterres, 2011). While the refugee crisis is a phenomenon that has been around for many years, the ongoing conflicts in Syria, Iraq, Somalia, Afghanistan and other troubled countries have resulted in an unprecedented number of 65.3 million people around the world forcibly displaced from their homes. Among them are 21.3 million registered as refugees under UNHCR and UNWRA mandates, over half of whom are children (under 18 years old) (UNHCR, 2016a). Syrians make up, without a doubt, the largest refugee population in the world. The Syria conflict alone, known to be the biggest humanitarian and refugee crisis of our time (UN High Commissioner for Refugees in UNHCR, 2016b), has spawned 4.8 million refugees in neighbouring countries (predominantly Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan), hundreds of thousands in Europe and 6,6 million displaced inside Syria (Mercy Corps, 2016; UNHCR, March 2016). Figure 1: The increase of registered Syrian Refugees from almost zero in 2012 to 4.8 million in 2016 (source: UNHCR, 2016 Which UNHCR article? You need to specify) According to Amnesty Internationals assessment of October 2016, more than half of the worlds 21 million refugees are hosted in just ten low and middle-income countries in the Middle East, Africa and Asia.[1] Europe, however, hosts a share of 6% of the worlds refugee population (Check percentage of refugees in Europe in 2016, add source). In 2015, over a million refugees and migrants made it to Europe by sea, with a majority arriving via the Aegean Sea from Turkey into Greece (UNHCR, 2015). Responding to the massive influx of refugees, several international humanitarian aid agencies established themselves on the Greek Islands to meet the pressing needs of the novel refugee and migrant population. However, it has been widely debated whether these aid agencies are effective in their service delivery and whether they fulfill the tasks they have set out to do. Despite the allocation of millions of dollars of funds to guarantee a decent living standard for the refugees and migrants in the Greek camps, reports reveal dire conditions, with a lack of the most basic livelihoods, such as edible food, basic sanitation services and education (Strickland, 2016; ?). Deeply moved by the horrifying images of human suffering in these camps, I chose to travel to Greece to volunteer in Kara Tepe Camp in Lesvos in the summer of 2016 to i nvestigate the topic further. It is of great importance to examine the efficiency of these humanitarian aid agencies service delivery on the ground in order to build future humanitarian aid programs which adequately meet the needs of the vulnerable refugees and migrants in Lesvos. 1.1 Question and Motivation of Study This dissertation sets out to answer the following research questions: Primary question: To what extent are humanitarian service providing agencies operating in Kara Tepe camp managing to live up to their stated aims and guidelines? Secondary question: What are the obstacles to effective service delivery? This dissertation is a reflective research based on my time spent volunteering with a humanitarian aid organisation, Humanitarian Support Agency (HSA)[2], in a refugee camp in Lesvos, Greece over the course of summer from June to September 2016. However, the area of research of humanitarian assistance to refugees, sparked my interest already in 2011, when the flow of thousands of Syrian refugees began to Jordan, my home country, following Syrias descent into civil war. Jordan, a small yet strong Kingdom, surrounded by countries undergoing conflict, is a host of over 656,000 Syrian refugees (Amnesty International, 2016). Seeing the difficult suffering faced by the Syrian refugee population in my own region (Middle East) as well as in Europe strongly motivated me to gain a hands on experience of humanitarian aid work with refugees. Following, for my applied field experience[3], I chose to travel to Greece and join HSA as a volunteer in Kara Tepe camp in Lesvos; a refugee camp in the la rgest transit point in the East Mediterranean route, which is the first assistance site for refugees and migrants departing from Turkey to Europe (HSA, 2016). During my time volunteering in Kara Tepe, I had the opportunity to work closely with humanitarian aid agencies operating in the camp, gaining insights into their day-to-day provision of services to the residents. It also allowed me to speak to and get to know several of the camp residents refugees and migrants predominantly from Syria, Afghanistan and Iraq who often expressed their concerns and hardships of life in Kara Tepe. In this dissertation, I aim to draw on this experience to investigate the humanitarian aid agencies services to refugees and migrants in Kara Tepe camp. More specifically, by comparing these aid agencies stated aims and guidelines to the real situation of refugees and migrants on the ground, I wish to examine where the agencies are failing at fulfilling their promises in providing adequate assistance to the camp residents. Furthermore, I aim to identify some of the apparent obstacles hindering these agencies effective service delivery. I do not intend to generalise my results regarding humanitarian aid agencies service delivery in refugee camps as it would require a more comprehensive material than what my study is based upon. My ambition is rather to attempt to highlight the humanitarian aid situation in Kara Tepe and voice out the concerns and needs of the residents, drawing on their living situation in the refugee camp. This study will be structured into five chapters. In chapter 2, I will give an overview of the living conditions of refugees and migrants in Greek camps. Here, I will also provide a set of definitions of the key terms adopted in this dissertation. In chapter 3, I will give a review of the existing literature on the humanitarian aid system. In this section, I will outline the theoretical foundations used in this study, including the UNHCR, IRC, Save the Children and HSAs stated aims and guidelines in relation to the factors of water, sanitation, education, food and health care. In chapter 4, I will draw on my first-hand experience in Kara Tepe in order to spot the gaps between the stated aims and guidelines of the aid agencies and the real situation on the ground, based on the stories and interviews with the residents. Furthermore, the analysis will identify some of the apparent obstacles hindering these agencies effective service delivery. Finally, I will conclude by giving a summary of the main findings and their implications, and the possibility of suggesting further research on the topic. 1.2 Methodology Material The choice of method for this dissertation is a mixed study between an autoethnography approach which is a form of qualitative research[4], based on primary qualitative data collection, and a case study using Kara Tepe Camp as the case, in addition to secondary research on academic articles in relation to the humanitarian aid system, UN reports and newspaper articles on the topic. Moreover, I will look at the guidelines, aims and goals of three main agencies operating in camp, namely UNHCR, IRC and Save the Children. The material I have used for my analysis is predominantly based on material gathered through the interviews I have conducted with different refugees from the camp. For their safety and integrity, I have decided to keep their names anonymous and have given them pseudonyms/alias. These interviews that I have conducted are valuable and have provided me with the useful information and insights that are necessary to establish an adequate answer to the question. Moreover, the analysis is also based on my own lived experience through working in Kara Tepe camp. 1.3 Limitations of study When researching the above questions a few limitations had to be considered. First, due to time and space restrains, I had to limit my data collection to the period of my stay in Greece between June and September 2016. The humanitarian assistance keeps developing in camp so there may be new improved services that did not exist back then, which would have been valuable to include in my research. Second, it has to be taken into consideration that the refugees interviewed are in a vulnerable position; hence they may not be able to fully reveal all truths for a public audience, and this is why for some questions, unfortunately, the answers were either very broad or unclearly answered, due to the sensitivity of the matter. Third, there are several possible factors to take into consideration when researching humanitarian assistance provided to refugees living in camps. However, due to space and time restraints, I have chosen to focus on three key humanitarian aid agencies and their service s in Kara Tepe camp, namely UNHCR, IRC and Save the Children. To be called a refugee is the opposite of an insult; it is a badge of strength, courage, and victoryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Tennessee Office for Refugees) 2.1 Definitions of keywords In our current era, more than 65 million people worldwide are displaced by force as refugees, asylum seekers, or internally displaced persons. According to the 1951 Geneva Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, to be recognized legitimately as a refugee, a person must be fleeing persecution on the basis of religion, race, political opinion, nationalityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦etc. However, the present factors around displacement are complex and multi-layered which in turn makes the protection based on a strict definition of persecution increasingly problematic and very challenging to implement (Zetter, 2015). Between asylum seekers, refugees and economic migrants there is an overlap and this can cause confusion; therefore, it is very important to distinguish the difference between the terms, and which term applies on the people in the camps in Greece specifically in Kara Tepe Camp. Asylum seeker is: a person who has applied for asylum under the 1951 Refugee Convention on the Status of Refugees on the ground that if he is returned to his country of origin he has a well-founded fear of persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, political belief or membership of a particular social group. He remains an asylum seeker for so long as his application or an appeal against refusal of his application is pending (Mitchell, 2006). Principally, asylum seekers flee in fear of persecution because of the reasons stated in the definition, so they seek refuge in another country looking for safety, and until their asylum process is ongoing they are called asylum seekers, but once it is processed and the approval is given then they are given a refugee status. In the literature on refugees, there have been many definitions of the term, but I found the following by the UNHCR to be the most inclusive. A refugee is someone who: owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality, and is unable to or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Article 1, UN Convention, 1951). They also added that the term refugee can be defined as: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ people fleeing conflict or persecution. They are defined and protected in international law, and must not be expelled or returned to situations where their life and freedom are at risk (UNHCR, 2016). But according to migration watch UK, they define a refugee as an asylum seeker whose application has been successful, i.e. that person fleeing war and conflict as defined by the 1951 Refugee Convention. The difference between asylum seeker and a refugee is very difficult to state as they are very similar. Basically, an asylum seeker is someone who is seeking international protection and is waiting for his refugee status, but a refugee is someone who is recognised under the 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees to be eligible to be a refugee (Phillips, 2011, p.2). Last but not least, migrant, as defined by the UN Convention on the Rights of Migrants is a : person who is to be engaged, is engaged or has been engaged in a remunerated activity in a State of which he or she is not a national. Article 1.1 (a) states that migrants decision to move to these States is taken freely, because of personal convenience and without any external factor that might affect the decision (UNESCO, 2016).Thus, there has been a gap along the lines with the usage of the terminology, especially between the term refugee and asylum seeker. People who have crossed the Mediterranean by paying organised criminals (smugglers) to get them across the borders are known as irregular migrants, because they have not entered the EU legally (European Commission, 2016). Humanitarian aid system (add definition) Humanitarian aid system or humanitarian assistance is intended to save lives, alleviate suffering and maintain human dignity during and after manmade crises and disasters caused by natural hazards as well as to prevent and strengthen preparedness for when such situations occur (Global Humanitarian Assistance, 2016). Humanitarian assistance should be administered by the four key humanitarian principles which are: humanity, impartiality, neutrality and independence; these key principles are the fundamental principles of many NGOs including the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (RCRC) (Global Humanitarian Assistance, 2016). Therefore, in the immediate area of conflict, the main goal is preventing human causalities but at the same time assisting displaced people and making sure they have access to the basic needs of survival which are water, sanitation, food, shelter, and health care (Branczik, 2004). 2.2 International and legal framework/ Humanitarian assistance and relief efforts add more info Humanitarian assistance is and has always been an extremely political activity. It always influenced the political economy of the recipient countries, and is influenced by the political considerations of donor governments (Curtis, 2001, p.3). The effect of conflict on civilians can be directly or indirectly through the so called complex emergencies. The primary aim in any immediate area of conflict is preventing causalities and making sure that everyone has access to the basic rights for surviving, which are water sanitation, food, shelter, and health care. In addition, the priority is usually to assist displaced people and try to prevent the spread of conflict, support relief work and create a space for rehabilitation (Branczik, 2004). Complex humanitarian emergencies are defined by five collective characteristics: first, the deterioration or complete collapse of central government authority; second, ethnic or religious conflict leading to human abuse; third, episodic food insecurity that leads to mass starvation; fourth, macroeconomic collapse that involves unemployment and decrease in GDP per capita; last and the most important focal characteristic is having mass population movements of displaced people and refugees that have escaped a conflict or in search for a better life (Natsios, 1995, p.405). Natsios stated that there are three sets of institutional actors that respond to the above emergencies in a so called complex response system that evolved over the years. These institutional actors are NGOs, UN organisations and the International Red Cross movement (Natsios, 1995, p.406). These sets of actors were reckoned in the 1990s; however in the 20th century, the academics understanding and the literature on the main actors have widened, and have included more detailed actors. For example, according to Branczik (2004), there are four main actors that represent the humanitarian aid sector: International (IOs) and Regional Organisations (ROs); the most important actor in the provision of humanitarian aid is the UN. Unilateral assistance, as well as multilateral, i.e. the countries provide direct aid unilaterally through their own foreign-aid or part of their foreign policy. Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs), which play a key role in the provision of humanitarian aid, either directly or as being a UN partner. The Military and its main role is to make sure to create a safe environment where other agencies can operate from, they can also directly provide aid when necessary in cases where the IOs and NGOs are unable to perform or deal with security issues, and it can act as a managing body for the humanitarian relief process. It is important to stress that in order to have a successful humanitarian relief effort, effective leadership and coordination should be present to avoid conflicting activities and duplications of projects and so forth. The UN is the agency that acts as the coordinator in most cases (Branczik, 2004). In addition to the UN, there are other non-governmental organisations (NGOs) that also respond to complex humanitarian emergencies and work together with the UN. The humanitarian assistance and disaster relief efforts (HA/DR) had faced a major challenge in terms of that the diverse information and knowledge are distributed and owned by different organisations, and are not efficiently organised and utilized during HA and DR operations (Zhang et. Al, 2002). Obstacle to the humanitarian aid agencies Moreover, there have been other factors that are defined as great challenges that have affected the performance of the humanitarian aid agencies, and two of those are efficiency and effectiveness. For example and according to Branczik (2004), if the assistance is needed in a conflict zone that is located in a poor area of infrastructure then it would be impossible and dangerous for the humanitarian agencies to deliver aid, this leads to some beneficiaries being neglected due to that (Branczik, 2004). Another important point is the increasing number of agencies operating on the ground, this causes the struggle to obtain accurate intelligence, and when it is difficult to obtain accurate intelligence, the unpredictability of humanitarian crises causes effective management and coordination within the agencies to become difficult, therefore, and in order to solve this difficulty, agencies should improve gathering and sharing the information by improving the management and coordination wit hin them (Branczik, 2004). Furthermore, political dilemmas play an important part in influencing the performance of humanitarian agencies. As Branczik (2004) and Stockton (2006) call it, humanitarian alibi, which refers to the fact that most humanitarian crises are caused by bad governance and the bad performance of the humanitarian agencies is also affected by deliberate acts by governments to frustrate humanitarian access to, and deny the existence of the people that are in need of protection. It is therefore defined as: the misuse of the humanitarian idea and humanitarian workers by governments eager to do as little as possible in economically unpromising regions (Branczik, 2004; Stockton, 2006). 2.3 Aims and guidelines of humanitarian aid agencies in Kara Tepe camp UNHCR Legal Framework The Universal Declaration of Human Rights that was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly was published in 1948 and is still used and relevant today as it was back then. The main reason for issuing it was to declare the rights and freedoms to which every human being is equally and inalienably entitled (UDHR, 1948, p. iii). UDHR is a promise to everyone and not country-specific or for a certain era or social group, it is a promise to all the economic, social, political, cultural and civic rights whatever colour, race, ethnicity they are, gender, whether they are disabled or not, citizens or migrants, and no matter what creed, age or sexual orientation (UDHR, 1948, p. v + vi). Abuse of Human Rights did not diminish when the UDHR was adopted, but at least more people have gained more freedom, and violations were not permitted. According to part 1 of article 14 of UDHR: 1. Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution, onwards the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees was adopted and entered into force on 22 April 1954, and is now called the centrepiece of international refugee protection, and its amendment the 1967 Protocol which removed all geographic limitations to include everyone and make it universal (UN Convention, 1951, p. 2). Refugees are considered part of the most vulnerable people in the world; and for that reason, the UN has issued the 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol to help protect them (Guterres, 2011). The UNHCR works under the United Nations General Assembly and its goal is to seek international protection and permanent solutions for refugees. It was established in 1950 with a core mandate to protect the refugees. However, nowadays it is responsible for a slightly larger group that does not only include refugees but also asylum seekers, internally displaced persons (IDPs), stateless persons or migrants (UNHCR, 2014). Although the protection of refugees is the primarily the responsibility of States, however the main partner that works closely with the governments is the UNHCR and has been doing so throughout the past 50+ years (Jastram Achiron, 2001, p.5). UNHCR aims Specify here what these conventions say about humanitarian assistance to refugees. And specify what they should do in Greece/kara tepe (Provide legal advice, information about asylum processes, housing tents, medical care). IRC aims and guidelines in lesvos The IRC is the only international aid organization working on all fronts of the crisis. In Europe: The IRC was one of the first aid organizations to assist the thousands of refugees arriving each day on the Greek island, Lesbos. IRC aid workers continue to work around the clock in Greece and in Serbia to provide essential services, including clean water and sanitation, to families living in terrible conditions. And we are helping new arrivals navigate the confusing transit process and understand their legal rights. https://www.rescue.org/topic/refugee-crisis-europe-middle-east http://www.refugeecouncil.org.uk/policy_research/the_truth_about_asylum?gclid=CjwKEAiA4dPCBRCM4dqhlv2R1R8SJABom9pH4MUi49WtBBRwl558uk2TDFLSaBVM4B54KIi7rfFL0xoCr1bw_wcB Education is the most powerful tool for children, their families and communities in order to survive and recover from a crisis or a conflict; it enables people to drive their own health, safety and prosperity (IRC, 2016). According to the IRC goals that they have published, they state that poor access to education can affect peoples chance to improve their lives, which is why they provide children, youth and adults with educational opportunities which therefore keeps them safe and learn the skills they need to survive and succeed (IRC, 2016). Moreover, the IRCs main goals in regards to education are the following: Ensure that children aged 0 to 5 develop cognitive and social-emotional skills Ensure that school-aged children develop literacy, numeracy and social-emotional skills Ensure that youth and adults have high levels of livelihood, literacy, numeracy and social-emotional skills Ensure that children, youth and adults have regular access to safe and functional education services (IRC, 2016). Save the children aims and guidelines Save the childrens main priority in Greece and especially in Lesvos is to protect the children that are in refugee camps, and to ensure that most importantly they are physically safe and have enough food and good shelter. Apart from distributing the basics, they claim to have started providing items such as sanitary pads, soap, shampoo, toilet paper and simple food items such as crackers and tea (save the children, 2015). However, since their priority is protecting children, they have also met with national charities in Greece to identify child protection needs, and have worked on transporting the new arrivals to the island to different registration points, to make sure that families and unaccompanied children to do not have to walk 70km to register (save the children, 2015). Food Asylum Process Language Give me the money to pay a smuggler and Ill go back to Syria right now. There the death is quick. Here we are dying slowly. In this chapter, the theoretical foundations of humanitarian aid discussed above will be applied to the case of aid agencies operating in Kara Tepe camp. First I I will give a brief overview of the situation in Kara Tepe according to my own lived experience and reflection there during summer. Second, I will compare and contrast the agencies stated aims and guidelines to the real situation on the ground in Kara Tepe in order to clarify to what extent they manage to live up to their words. I will then underline some of the key obstacles currently hindering the organisations effective service delivery to the residents. Before arriving to Lesvos, I had no expectations of how the situation would be there. All I had in mind was the image often portrayed to us by the media about the refugee camps, which is one an image of violence and chaos, and I thought our task as volunteers would solely be to only distribute food and clothes as it was mentioned on the organisations website. However, when I arrived to the island, nothing was as I imagined it to be. In fact, Kara Tepe was a well-organised camp, and our job as HSA volunteers with HSA was to distribute food and clothes to families in camp, but it was done through a well thought out system. We had the meals delivered to the resident families door- to-door to their housing units in teams. The residents themselves were also part of the distribution teams, depending on what area they lived in as they were more familiar with the people of the camp than the volunteers residents. Moreover, we also distributed clothes by giving the residents tickets for monthly appointments. This system has indeed created a harmony in the camp, and a sense of belonging to a community. A very important factor that played a huge role for me while in Kara Tepe was the language. Arabic is my mother tongue, so it was easy for me to communicate with most of the refugees which had come to Lesvos from Syria and Iraq. Consequently, I therefore created a special bond with them and they turned to me to translate when misunderstandings or problems occurred in the camp. Being the only staff speaking their language, I felt that it became my duty to voice their feelings and opinions in everyday situations, being the only staff speaking their language, and I believe this was why I allocated a leading role in the team from the outset. My boss saw how the refugees turned to me for help as I could voice their concerns, and assigned me as a team leader shortly after I arrived. As I gained an understanding of the familys needs, my duties did not just involve the clothing distribution part, but also comprised on the task of improving the existing system to avoid stress and queues. This project was successful and it led the UNHCR to ask to publish our standard of procedures to the benefit of other organisations operating in the camp, and we got praised by the camp management for increasing the safety and dignity of the refugees residing in there which are referred to as residents of Kara Tepe. It is important to stress that the refugees living in camps are human beings just like everyone else. Fleeing wars and conflicts, being homeless, does not make them any different from anyone. They had normal lives in their home countries when the war forced them to leave everything and flee, and they are often well educated and skilled. Unfortunately, the way the refugees are forced to live in camps portray them in a very bad way, that everyone including myself had our own assumptions towards them due to the situation. It has been my privilege to have known and live among the refugees that I call my friends and family now for three months in Kara Tepe, and therefore I had to give this background of my time spent in camp as a tribute to